Structure: 

The uterine tubes are a set of paired tubes extending from the uterus to the ovaries in the phenotypic female assigned at birth pelvis. [1] These tubes are components of the reproductive system. Each tube is a muscular hollow structure, typically measuring between 10 to 14 cm in length, with an external diameter of approximately 1 cm. Each tube possesses two openings: a proximal opening, which connects to the uterus, and a distal opening, which opens into the peritoneal cavity adjacent to the ovary.[1]

​

Each tube consists of four parts: 

• The intramural part is situated in the muscular wall of the uterus. This is the narrowest part of the tube that crosses the uterus wall to connect with the isthmus. [2]

• The isthmus links the tube to the uterus and connects to the ampulla. [2]

• The ampulla is the widest part of the tube and is the primary site for fertilization. [2]

• The infundibulum opens into the abdomen at the distal tubal opening, positioned above the ovary. The opening is surrounded by fimbriae, aiding in the collection of the oocyte after ovulation. The fimbriae are a fringe of densely ciliated tissue projections around the distal tubal opening, oriented towards the ovary. [2]

​

Function: 

In days 10 to 18 of a 28-day cycle an oocyte is captured by the fimbriated end of the fallopian tube and travels to the ampulla. In Ampulla the egg can become fertilized with sperm. [3] The uterine tube transfers the zygote from the ovary to the uterus with the aid of the hairlike cilia and the activity of the muscle of the fallopian tube. [3]  The release of an oocyte does not follow a specific pattern between the two ovaries; it appears to occur randomly. Roughly one-third of infertility cases are attributed to issues related to the uterine tubes, such as inflammation, tubal obstructions and ectopic pregnancies. [3]

​